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Unprotected Sex and Its Association with Other Risky Behaviours Among European Students: A Multinational Study.

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Summary

Substance use, including alcohol and illicit drugs, is strongly linked to unprotected sex among 16-year-old European students. Risky sexual behaviors show varied prevalence across countries, not following simple geographical patterns.

Keywords:
ESPAD school surveyEuropean countriesprevalencesexual behavioursubstance use

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Adolescent Health
  • Substance Use Research

Background:

  • Adolescence is a critical period for development, often accompanied by increased engagement in risky behaviors like substance use and sexual activity.
  • Understanding the interplay between psychoactive substance use and risky sexual behavior is crucial for targeted adolescent health interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the relationship between risky sexual behavior and the use of alcohol, cannabis, and other illegal substances among 15-16 year olds in 23 European countries.
  • To investigate potential between-country differences in the prevalence of these associated behaviors.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from the 2019 European School Survey Project on Alcohol and Other Drugs (ESPAD) cross-sectional survey.
  • Defined risky sexual behavior as self-reported unprotected sex.
  • Examined substance use, other individual risk behaviors, and parenting indicators as key predictors.

Main Results:

  • 9.8% of 16-year-old European students reported unprotected sex in the past year; 7.8% reported unprotected sex without alcohol/drug use.
  • Prevalence of unprotected sex varied significantly across countries, from 3.2% in Georgia to 16.0% in Sweden.
  • Illicit drug users, heavy episodic drinkers, students with evening social activities, and those from non-traditional families showed significantly higher odds of unprotected sex.

Conclusions:

  • A strong association exists between unprotected sex and substance use among 16-year-old European students.
  • The geographical distribution of risky sexual behaviors suggests that macro-level factors alone do not fully explain prevalence variations.