Culturally Adapted Mental Health Education Programs for Migrant Populations: A Scoping Review

Area of Science:

• Public Health
• Mental Health Research
• Immigration Studies

Background:

• Migrant populations are crucial for Canada's growth, yet face mental health challenges and barriers to culturally sensitive care.
• Existing research indicates declining mental health among refugees and immigrants.
• Access to appropriate mental health support remains a significant obstacle for these groups.

Purpose of the Study:

• To conduct a scoping review of evidence on culturally adapted mental health education (MHE) programs for migrant populations.
• To examine the effectiveness of MHE programs, including those integrating traditional and complementary healing practices.
• To identify key characteristics of successful MHE programs for diverse migrant communities.

Main Methods:

• Systematic searches were conducted across six major databases (Medline, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Global Health, CINAHL, Scopus).
• 4075 peer-reviewed articles were identified, with 28 studies meeting inclusion criteria for the review.
• Thematic analysis was used to identify key themes in effective MHE programs, focusing on cultural adaptation and integration of healing practices.

Main Results:

• Effective MHE programs were characterized by cultural adaptation, addressing migration stressors, and integrating traditional and Western approaches.
• Commonly used frameworks included cognitive-behavioral therapy and the PRECEDE-PROCEED model.
• Positive outcomes reported included increased mental health literacy, reduced stigma, improved coping, and decreased symptoms of depression, anxiety, and PTSD.

Conclusions:

• Culturally adapted MHE programs are acceptable and feasible for migrant populations.
• These programs demonstrate effectiveness in improving mental health literacy and reducing psychological distress.
• Integration of traditional healing practices alongside Western approaches enhances program suitability and impact.