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Small but Mighty: Low Bio-Accessibility Preserves Polyphenols from Mini Purple Carrots for Direct Action Against

Amel Hamdi¹, Emel Hasan Yusuf², Rocío Rodríguez-Arcos¹

¹Phytochemicals and Food Quality Group, Instituto de la Grasa (CSIC), 41013 Seville, Spain.

Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)

|January 28, 2026

Summary

Mini purple carrots show superior chemopreventive properties due to high bioactive compounds. Their unique polyphenols may offer enhanced colorectal cancer prevention by interacting directly with cancer cells.

Area of Science:

Nutritional Science
Phytochemistry
Cancer Biology

Background:

Carrots are rich in bioactive compounds with potential health benefits.
Carrot biodiversity (color and size) may influence their chemopreventive properties.

Purpose of the Study:

Investigate the relationship between carrot cultivar biodiversity and chemopreventive potential.
Analyze polyphenolic composition, bioaccessibility, and antiproliferative activity of different carrot types.

Main Methods:

Analyzed four carrot cultivars (orange, white, yellow, purple) of normal and miniature sizes.
Assessed in vitro simulated digestion and antiproliferative activity against HCT-116 colon cancer cells.
Performed in vitro cell cycle analysis and identified key polyphenolic compounds.

Main Results:

Vegetable size impacted phytochemical composition more than color; mini purple carrots had higher polyphenols and antiproliferative activity.
Bioaccessibility of bioactive compounds was low, suggesting intact delivery to the colon.
Mini purple carrot extracts induced S-phase arrest, unlike other varieties causing G0/G1 arrest.

Conclusions:

Carrot biodiversity is crucial for functional foods, especially for colorectal cancer prevention.
Specific polyphenols like chlorogenic acid and diferulic acid derivatives may act synergistically.
Miniature purple carrots demonstrate significant potential for chemoprevention due to their unique phytochemical profile.

Keywords:

antiproliferative activity bioaccessibility biodiversity carrots colorectal cancer prevention functional foods phytochemical profile polyphenols

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