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Nucleolar Cdc14 Splitting Reflects Recombination Context and Meiotic Chromosome Dynamics.

Patricia Rodríguez-Jiménez1, Paula Alonso-Ramos2, Isabel Acosta1

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Summary

Meiotic chromosome dynamics influence nucleolar organization. Nucleolar splitting, a measure of nucleolar architecture, is linked to homolog engagement, not double-strand break formation during meiosis.

Keywords:
Cdc14 phosphataseSaccharomyces cerevisiaebiomolecular condensatesmeiosismeiotic recombination checkpointnucleolus

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Genetics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Meiotic prophase I involves complex chromosome dynamics, recombination, and nucleolar organization.
  • The precise relationship between meiotic recombination and nucleolar architecture is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how the context of meiotic recombination influences nucleolar organization in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
  • To determine the role of double-strand break (DSB) formation and homolog engagement in nucleolar splitting during meiotic prophase I.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of Cdc14 and Nop56 localization within the nucleolus using fluorescent markers (Cdc14-mCherry, Nop56-GFP).
  • Gating of cells to prophase I and definition of transient two-focus episodes for nucleolar splitting.
  • Comparison of nucleolar splitting phenotypes across different meiotic mutants, including those with compromised recombination and abolished DSB formation.

Main Results:

  • Nucleolar splitting, characterized by transient two-focus episodes of Cdc14, occurred within the nucleolar compartment.
  • Nucleolar splitting increased significantly when interhomolog recombination was compromised and remained high even when Spo11 catalytic activity was abolished.
  • Population checkpoint readouts, such as Hop1 phosphorylation, did not correlate with the observed nucleolar splitting phenotype.
  • Timing analyses revealed that nucleolar splitting persisted longer in recombination-defective and DSB-free backgrounds compared to the reference.

Conclusions:

  • Nucleolar splitting is primarily influenced by the homolog engagement state rather than the level of DSB formation during meiosis.
  • The nucleolus acts as a mechanically sensitive readout of meiotic chromosome dynamics, responding to chromosome-scale forces.
  • DSB-independent chromosome dynamics, including telomere clustering and centromere coupling, may contribute to nucleolar splitting.