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Epigenetic Regulation and Molecular Mechanisms in Cardiovascular Diseases: A Review of Recent Advances and

Ewelina Młynarska1, Kinga Bojdo1, Anna Bulicz1

  • 1Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, 90-419 Lodz, Poland.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|January 28, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Epigenetic mechanisms like DNA methylation and histone modifications are crucial in cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Targeting these epigenetic factors offers promising new therapies for heart conditions.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Science
  • Epigenetics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a leading global cause of mortality.
  • Epigenetic mechanisms are increasingly recognized for their role in CVD development and progression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive review of epigenetic regulation in CVDs.
  • To explore molecular mechanisms and potential therapeutic implications of epigenetics in cardiovascular pathophysiology.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current scientific literature on epigenetics and cardiovascular diseases.
  • Analysis of studies on DNA methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNAs in CVD models.
  • Examination of emerging therapeutic strategies targeting epigenetic pathways.

Main Results:

  • DNA methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNAs are key regulators of gene expression in cardiac hypertrophy, atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, and heart failure.
  • Epigenetic alterations interact with inflammatory and oxidative stress pathways, impacting endothelial dysfunction and vascular remodeling.
  • Emerging epigenetic therapies, including HDAC and DNMT inhibitors, show potential cardioprotective effects.

Conclusions:

  • Epigenetic regulation is significantly implicated in cardiovascular pathophysiology.
  • Epigenetic-based interventions represent a promising avenue for precision medicine and novel therapeutic approaches in cardiology.
Keywords:
cardiovascular diseaseepigenetic regulationmolecular mechanismstherapeutic targets

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