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Alfalfa Polysaccharide Improves Rabbit Growth by Modulating Gut Microbiota and Suppressing Inflammation Through

Junying Xu1,2, Fang Li1,2, Yuanxin Zhu1

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Alfalfa polysaccharides (APSs) significantly improved meat rabbit growth and gut health by reducing inflammation and increasing beneficial bacteria. This natural alternative to antibiotics enhances performance and meat quality.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Animal Science
  • Nutritional Science
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Weaning-induced intestinal inflammation in meat rabbits causes growth delays and affects breeding efficiency.
  • Alfalfa polysaccharides (APSs) possess antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, presenting a potential natural alternative to antibiotics.
  • Limited research exists on APS efficacy in meat rabbit production.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of dietary APS supplementation on growth performance, intestinal inflammation, and meat quality in meat rabbits.
  • To elucidate the underlying mechanisms, including gut microbiota modulation and inflammatory pathway inhibition.

Main Methods:

  • Eighty rabbits were divided into four groups: control and three APS supplementation levels (400, 800, 1200 mg/kg).
  • Evaluated growth performance (ADG, F/G), carcass traits, meat quality (dripping loss), intestinal morphology (villus height, tight junctions), and inflammatory markers.
  • Analyzed gut microbiota composition (cecal Flavonifractor) and inflammatory signaling pathways (PPARγ/NF-κB).

Main Results:

  • 800 mg/kg APS significantly increased average daily gain (ADG) and improved feed-to-gain ratio (F/G).
  • APS supplementation enhanced slaughter weight, eviscerated weight, and semi-eviscerated yield, while reducing muscle dripping loss.
  • APS increased small intestine villus height, tight junction expression, and cecal butyrate-producing bacteria (Flavonifractor), while reducing inflammatory mediators via PPARγ/NF-κB inhibition.

Conclusions:

  • Dietary APS supplementation, particularly at 800 mg/kg, effectively improves meat rabbit growth performance and meat quality.
  • APS exerts its beneficial effects by modulating gut microbiota, increasing butyrate levels, and inhibiting intestinal inflammation through the PPARγ/NF-κB pathway.
  • APS represents a promising natural feed additive for enhancing rabbit production and gut health.