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Updated: Jan 29, 2026

Fabrication, Densification, and Replica Molding of 3D Carbon Nanotube Microstructures
Published on: July 2, 2012
Microstructural Characteristics of Graded Ni-Fe Coatings Fabricated Through DED-L
Marco Brand1,2, Ion-Dragoş Uțu1, Nicușor-Alin Sîrbu3
1Department of Materials and Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Politehnica University Timişoara, Bv. Mihai Viteazu 1, 300222 Timisoara, Romania.
Abstract:
Directed Energy Deposition-Laser (DED-L) enables high-performance coatings through melting and successive powder deposition. Its compositional flexibility suits functionally graded layers that enhance corrosion and wear resistance. This study aimed to improve parameters for producing dense, defect-free, graded Ni- and Fe-based coatings by varying the scanning speed and deposition strategy (monodirectional versus bidirectional, with/without layer rotation), while keeping the power and hatch distance constant. Laser and electron microscopy were used to link parameters to porosity and uniformity. Optimal settings minimized pores, improved interlayer bonding and preserved geometry; inadequate parameters yielded porous, irregular deposits. A bidirectional path with 90° rotation appeared best. Ongoing research activities are needed to assess its properties.
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