Porous Curdlan-Whey Protein Isolate Scaffolds Obtained by Combined Method for Cartilage Tissue Engineering...

Area of Science:

• Biomaterials Science
• Tissue Engineering
• Biotechnology

Background:

• Cartilage defects pose significant challenges in regenerative medicine.
• Developing effective biomaterial scaffolds is crucial for cartilage repair.
• Curdlan and whey protein isolate offer promising biocompatible components.

Purpose of the Study:

• To fabricate and characterize novel porous curdlan-whey protein isolate (Cur-WPI) biomaterials.
• To evaluate the potential of these Cur-WPI composites as scaffolds for cartilage tissue regeneration.
• To assess the cytocompatibility and cellular response of osteoblasts on the developed scaffolds.

Main Methods:

• A combined fabrication technique involving ion-exchange dialysis, porogen leaching, freezing, and freeze-drying was utilized.
• Two scaffold types with varying protein content (5 wt.% and 7.5 wt.%) were prepared.
• Microstructural analysis (SEM-EDS), physicochemical property testing (wettability, absorption), and in vitro cell culture studies (osteoblast viability and proliferation) were performed.

Main Results:

• Both Cur-WPI scaffolds exhibited porous, rough, and hydrophilic structures with high liquid absorption capacity.
• The Cur_WPI_7.5% scaffold demonstrated enhanced cytocompatibility compared to the 5% variant.
• Significant promotion of osteoblast viability and proliferation was observed on the Cur_WPI_7.5% scaffold in vitro.

Conclusions:

• The developed Cur-WPI biomaterials possess favorable structural and physicochemical properties for cartilage tissue engineering.
• The Cur_WPI_7.5% scaffold shows particular promise due to its superior cytocompatibility and ability to support osteoblast growth.
• These findings highlight the potential of Cur-WPI composites as advanced scaffolds for cartilage regeneration applications.