rGO/PAN Composite Membranes Obtained In Situ Using Hydrothermal Reduction of GO in the Polymer Bulk
Contact us if these videos are not relevant.
Contact us if these videos are not relevant.
View abstract on PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.A novel in situ hydrothermal reduction method transforms graphene oxide (GO) into reduced graphene oxide (rGO) within polyacrylonitrile (PAN) membranes. This process enhances membrane properties, significantly reducing water flux.
Area Of Science
- Materials Science
- Polymer Chemistry
- Nanotechnology
Background
- Graphene oxide (GO) is a promising material for membrane applications.
- Developing efficient methods for reducing GO to rGO within polymer matrices is crucial for advanced material fabrication.
- Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) is a versatile polymer used in membrane technology.
Purpose Of The Study
- To develop and investigate a new in situ hydrothermal reduction method for GO within PAN composite membranes.
- To characterize the structural and physicochemical changes in the membranes after GO reduction.
- To evaluate the impact of the reduction process on the transport properties of the membranes.
Main Methods
- Fabrication of GO/PAN composite membranes with varying GO content (0.5, 1.0, 2.0% w/w).
- In situ hydrothermal reduction of GO to rGO using water vapor at 120 °C and 0.2 MPa.
- Characterization using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, Wide-angle X-ray scattering (WAXS), and Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA).
- Assessment of physicochemical properties (density, water sorption, contact angle) and transport properties (water flux).
Main Results
- Successful in situ hydrothermal reduction of GO to rGO within PAN membranes was confirmed by spectroscopic and thermal analyses.
- The resulting rGO/PAN membranes (B60, C60, D60) exhibited distinct physicochemical properties compared to GO/PAN membranes (B0, C0, D0).
- Significant changes observed include reduced apparent density, altered water sorption, increased contact angle, and a substantial decrease in water flux (approx. 104-348 dm³/m²·h).
Conclusions
- The developed in situ hydrothermal reduction is an effective method for producing rGO within PAN membranes.
- The reduction process significantly modifies the membrane's surface chemistry and bulk structure.
- These modifications lead to improved membrane performance, particularly in controlling water transport, making them suitable for advanced filtration applications.
Contact us if these videos are not relevant.
Contact us if these videos are not relevant.
Related Concept Videos
The word polymer is derived from the Greek words “poly” which means “many” and “mer” which means “parts”. Polymers are long chains of molecules composed of repeating units of smaller molecules, known as monomers. They either occur naturally, such as DNA and proteins, or can be constructed synthetically, like plastics. They have varied structural characteristics, such as linear chains, branched chains, or complex networks, that contribute to the...
Matter: Pure Substances and Mixtures
According to its composition, the matter can be classified into two broad categories — pure substances and mixtures.
A pure substance is a form of matter that has a constant composition throughout with uniform properties. For example, any sample of sucrose has the same composition and same physical properties, such as melting point, color, and sweetness, regardless of the source from which it is isolated.
A mixture is composed of two or...
Oxidation–Reduction Reactions
Earth’s atmosphere contains about 20% molecular oxygen, O2, a chemically reactive gas that plays an essential role in the metabolism of aerobic organisms and in many environmental processes that shape the world. The term oxidation was originally used to describe chemical reactions involving O2, but its meaning has evolved to refer to a broad and important reaction class known as oxidation–reduction (redox) reactions.
Some redox reactions involve the...
The bulk modulus is a scientific term used to describe a material's resistance to uniform compression. It is the proportionality constant that links a change in pressure to the resulting relative volume change.
This concept becomes clearer when an isotropic material element is visualized as a cube of unit volume. When this cube is subjected to normal stresses, it undergoes deformation, changing its shape into a rectangular parallelepiped with a different volume. The discrepancy between this...
Bulk density refers to the mass of aggregate particles that would fill a unit volume. The concept of bulk density originates from the inability to pack aggregate particles in a manner that completely eliminates void spaces. Hence, the term bulk refers to the volume that encompasses both the aggregates and the voids. This measurement is crucial when aggregates are batched by volume and is used to convert quantities by mass to volume.
Most natural mineral aggregates, like sand and gravel,...