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Sex-Based Differences in Patient-Reported Outcome Measures Are Not Present Three Months After ACL Reconstruction.

Abdulmajeed Alfayyadh1, Jack R Williams2, Kelsey Neal3

  • 1Department of Physical Therapy and Health Rehabilitation, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia.

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Summary

Early recovery after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) shows no significant sex differences in patient-reported outcomes (PROMs). This suggests potential sex-related recovery divergences may emerge later in the rehabilitation process for ACLR patients.

Keywords:
ACL reconstructionACL-RSIIKDCKOOSKOS-ADLSTSKpatient-reported outcomessex-based differences

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Sports Medicine
  • Rehabilitation Science

Background:

  • Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) are crucial for assessing recovery after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR).
  • Previous studies indicate females may experience slower functional gains and greater pain post-ACLR compared to males.
  • Early sex-based differences in PROMs following ACLR remain largely unexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) between males and females at three months post-ACLR.
  • To investigate potential early sex-based disparities in recovery following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR).

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional analysis of 56 patients (23 female, 33 male) undergoing primary, unilateral ACLR.
  • Utilized multiple PROMs including KOOS, IKDC, KOS-ADLS, ACL-RSI, and TSK at three months post-surgery.
  • Employed independent-samples t-tests with Welch correction and Mann-Whitney U tests to compare outcomes between sexes.

Main Results:

  • No statistically significant differences were observed between males and females across all assessed PROMs at three months post-ACLR.
  • Males showed non-significant trends towards better KOOS Sport and Recreation and IKDC scores, with small-to-moderate effect sizes.
  • Limited statistical power for some outcomes necessitates cautious interpretation of findings.

Conclusions:

  • Early recovery (3 months) after ACLR does not reveal significant sex-based differences in patient-reported outcomes.
  • Observed sex-related recovery differences in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction patients may manifest later in the rehabilitation timeline.