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Association Between Bone Density and Maxillary Canine Impaction: A CBCT-Based Study.

Gianna Dipalma1,2, Angelo Michele Inchingolo1,2, Roberta Morolla1

  • 1Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124 Bari, Italy.

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|January 28, 2026
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Higher bone density around impacted maxillary canines may cause eruption failure. This density increases with age, emphasizing early orthodontic diagnosis and intervention for impacted teeth.

Keywords:
TC Cone Beamhounsfield indeximpacted teethorthodontic treatment

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Area of Science:

  • Dentistry
  • Orthodontics
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Maxillary canine impaction is a common orthodontic problem.
  • Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) aids in assessing periradicular bone density.
  • Bone density may influence canine eruption failure.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare bone density around impacted canines versus contralateral erupted canines.
  • To evaluate correlations between bone density, age, and sex.

Main Methods:

  • CBCT scans of 26 patients with unilateral maxillary canine impaction were analyzed.
  • Bone density (Hounsfield units) was measured at three root levels and four regions.
  • Statistical analyses included t-tests and regression to assess significance (p < 0.05).

Main Results:

  • Impacted canines exhibited significantly higher bone density than erupted ones (p=0.000).
  • Bone density increased from cervical to apical root levels.
  • Bone density around impacted canines correlated positively with patient age.

Conclusions:

  • Increased periradicular bone density is a potential factor in maxillary canine impaction.
  • The age-related increase in bone density underscores the need for early orthodontic intervention.