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Updated: Jan 29, 2026

A Zebrafish Model of Diabetes Mellitus and Metabolic Memory
Published on: February 28, 2013
Psychological Resilience in Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Jordan Is Associated with Insomnia Severity:
Omar Gammoh1, Mervat M Alsous2, Hazem Gammoh3
1Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yarmouk University, Irbid 21163, Jordan.
Abstract:
Background/Objectives: Although psychological resilience is an important factor related to mental health outcomes, it is understudied in patients with long-term health conditions in developing countries such as Jordan. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is rapidly increasing in Jordan; thus, its prevalence and correlation with psychological resilience are worth investigating. Through this study, we aimed to estimate the prevalence of psychological resilience levels and identify their associated factors in people with T2DM in Jordan based on demographic data, clinical data, and insomnia severity. Methods: Participants were sampled from the patient register of the Royal Health Awareness Society (RHAS), which permitted access to people receiving T2DM-related services. Results: Data from 350 individuals with T2DM were analyzed; 185 (52.9%) were female, 276 (78.9%) were over 50 years of age, and 308 (88%) were married. In total, 56 (16%) people reported moderate-severe insomnia, and 64 (18.3%) reported low resilience. Being more resilient was found to correlate with "being married" (OR = 3.33, 95% CI (1.60-6.89), p = 0.001) but was negatively correlated with "moderate-severe insomnia" (OR = 0.21, 95% CI (0.11-0.40), p < 0.001). Conclusions: Addressing insomnia in individuals with T2DM is warranted to improve their resilience levels, thus promoting their mental health.
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