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The Silent Complication: Auditory Dysfunction in Pediatric Patients with Type 1 Diabetes
Sara Shefa1, Aleksandra Głębocka1, Tetiana Zinyk1
1Student Scientific Association of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Wroclaw Medical University, 213 Borowska St., 50-556 Wrocław, Poland.
Journal of Clinical Medicine
|January 28, 2026
Summary
Children with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus often experience hearing loss, particularly at high frequencies, impacting speech understanding. Early audiometric screening is vital for managing this auditory complication in pediatric diabetes care.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Endocrinology
- Audiology
- Metabolic Disorders
Background:
- Diabetes Mellitus affects multiple systems, but its impact on pediatric auditory function is not well-understood.
- Hearing impairment in children can significantly affect cognitive, language, and social development.
Purpose of the Study:
- To define the influence of diabetes on auditory function in children.
- To highlight the importance of early identification and management of hearing deficits in pediatric diabetes patients.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing studies on Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) and auditory function in children.
- Analysis of hearing thresholds at high frequencies (4000-8000 Hz) and speech understanding scores.
Main Results:
- Children with T1DM show elevated high-frequency hearing thresholds and reduced speech understanding compared to controls.
- Poor glycemic control and longer disease duration correlate with worse auditory outcomes.
- Microangiopathy and neuropathy are proposed mechanisms for auditory pathway damage.
Conclusions:
- Undiagnosed hearing difficulties are a risk in diabetic children due to lack of reported symptoms.
- Early detection through regular audiometric screening is crucial for pediatric diabetes care.
- Screening helps prevent adverse effects on communication and cognitive development.
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