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The Silent Complication: Auditory Dysfunction in Pediatric Patients with Type 1 Diabetes

Sara Shefa1, Aleksandra Głębocka1, Tetiana Zinyk1

  • 1Student Scientific Association of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Wroclaw Medical University, 213 Borowska St., 50-556 Wrocław, Poland.

Journal of Clinical Medicine
|January 28, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Children with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus often experience hearing loss, particularly at high frequencies, impacting speech understanding. Early audiometric screening is vital for managing this auditory complication in pediatric diabetes care.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Endocrinology
  • Audiology
  • Metabolic Disorders

Background:

  • Diabetes Mellitus affects multiple systems, but its impact on pediatric auditory function is not well-understood.
  • Hearing impairment in children can significantly affect cognitive, language, and social development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To define the influence of diabetes on auditory function in children.
  • To highlight the importance of early identification and management of hearing deficits in pediatric diabetes patients.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing studies on Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) and auditory function in children.
  • Analysis of hearing thresholds at high frequencies (4000-8000 Hz) and speech understanding scores.

Main Results:

  • Children with T1DM show elevated high-frequency hearing thresholds and reduced speech understanding compared to controls.
  • Poor glycemic control and longer disease duration correlate with worse auditory outcomes.
  • Microangiopathy and neuropathy are proposed mechanisms for auditory pathway damage.

Conclusions:

  • Undiagnosed hearing difficulties are a risk in diabetic children due to lack of reported symptoms.
  • Early detection through regular audiometric screening is crucial for pediatric diabetes care.
  • Screening helps prevent adverse effects on communication and cognitive development.

Keywords:
auditory dysfunctionhearing losssensorineural hearing losstype 1 diabetes

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