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Arthrographis species, environmental fungi, can cause serious infections, particularly in immunocompromised individuals. Voriconazole and itraconazole show antifungal susceptibility, but prompt diagnosis is crucial.

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Mycology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Arthrographis species are environmental fungi found in soil and compost.
  • Infections are uncommon but more frequent in immunocompromised patients or those with comorbidities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Review human cases of Arthrographis spp. infections.
  • Focus on epidemiology, microbiology, resistance, treatment, and mortality.

Main Methods:

  • Narrative review of literature.
  • Data sourced from PubMed/MedLine and Scopus databases.

Main Results:

  • 21 cases reported; mean age 43.62 years, 66.6% male.
  • Trauma was a common predisposing factor (33.33%). Fever, abscess, and organ dysfunction were key manifestations.
  • Susceptibility to voriconazole and itraconazole in vitro; amphotericin B most used clinically. Overall mortality 19%.

Conclusions:

  • Arthrographis spp. can cause severe infections.
  • Consider this dimorphic yeast in cultures, especially for at-risk patients.
  • Timely diagnosis is essential for effective management.