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Updated: Jan 29, 2026

Methods for Evaluating the Role of c-Fos and Dusp1 in Oncogene Dependence
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Mesalazine Regulates DUSP1, DUSP4, and DUSP5 Expression in Colorectal Cancer: In Vitro and Bioinformatic Evidence

Marcel Madej1,2, Ilona Nowak1,2, Barbara Strzałka-Mrozik1

  • 1Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland.

Pharmaceutics
|January 28, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Mesalazine differentially affects dual-specificity phosphatase (DUSP) gene expression in colon cells. This suggests mesalazine may combat colorectal cancer by regulating mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling.

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Cancer Research
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer mortality globally.
  • Dysregulation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways is implicated in CRC development.
  • Dual-specificity phosphatases (DUSPs) are key regulators of MAPKs, balancing cell proliferation and apoptosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of mesalazine (MES) on DUSP family members in normal and colorectal cancer cells.
  • To elucidate the molecular mechanisms of mesalazine's potential anticancer effects in CRC.

Main Methods:

  • Microarray analysis to assess gene expression changes in response to mesalazine.
  • Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to quantify protein level changes.
  • Experiments conducted on normal colon epithelial cells (CCD-841CoN) and colorectal cancer cells (DLD-1).

Main Results:

  • Mesalazine treatment altered the expression of 24 transcripts in colon cells.
  • DUSP4 and DUSP5 expression was upregulated in DLD-1 cancer cells but downregulated in CCD-841CoN normal cells.
  • ELISA confirmed a significant increase in DUSP5 protein in mesalazine-treated cancer cells.

Conclusions:

  • Mesalazine exhibits differential modulation of DUSP gene expression between normal and malignant colon cells.
  • These findings suggest a mechanism for mesalazine's antiproliferative and pro-apoptotic effects via MAPK pathway regulation.
  • The study provides novel insights into mesalazine's molecular action against colorectal cancer.
Keywords:
bioinformaticcolorectal cancerdual specificity phosphatasesgenesin silicoin vitromesalazineoligonucleotides microarrayprotein

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