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Antimicrobial Functionalized Mesoporous Silica FDU-12 Loaded with Bacitracin.

Dan Adrian Vasile1,2,3, Ludmila Motelica2,3,4, Luiza-Andreea Mîrț1,2,3,5

  • 1Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, Gh. Polizu 1-7, 011061 Bucharest, Romania.

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New mesoporous silica drug delivery systems offer controlled release of the antibiotic bacitracin. These advanced formulations show potent antimicrobial activity and reduce bacterial virulence factors, enhancing health preservation strategies.

Keywords:
Staphylococcus spp.anti-biofilm virulence factors modulationantimicrobialbacitracindrug deliverykinetic modelmesoporous silicapoly(N-acryloylmorpholine)skin infectionsurface functionalizationvacuum-assisted loading

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Pharmaceutical Sciences

Background:

  • Human extinction threats necessitate advanced health preservation materials.
  • Controlled antibiotic delivery is crucial for combating resistant bacterial infections.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and characterize mesoporous silica (FDU-12) drug delivery systems for bacitracin.
  • To evaluate the controlled release kinetics and antimicrobial efficacy of bacitracin-loaded FDU-12.
  • To investigate the impact of these formulations on bacterial virulence factors.

Main Methods:

  • FDU-12 silica synthesized via sol-gel method, functionalized with -NH2 or poly(N-acryloylmorpholine) chains.
  • Bacitracin loading using vacuum-assisted method; release studies in simulated body fluid (SBF).
  • Drug release kinetics analyzed using Weibull, Korsmeyer-Peppas, and nonlinear regression models; antimicrobial activity tested against Staphylococcus strains.

Main Results:

  • Bacitracin-loaded FDU-12 demonstrated controlled release and potent antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus.
  • Sub-inhibitory concentrations significantly reduced microbial adherence and biofilm formation.
  • Formulations modulated bacterial virulence factors (hemolysins, lipase, amylase) in a strain-dependent manner.

Conclusions:

  • Surface-functionalized FDU-12 mesoporous silica carriers offer a promising platform for controlled antibiotic delivery.
  • These systems enhance antimicrobial efficacy and modulate bacterial pathogenicity, contributing to novel therapeutic strategies.