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Interpenetrating Polymer Network Based on Polyether-Polyester Polyurethane and Epoxy Resin.

Chao Feng1, Zhiqiang Song1, Dongdong Xu1

  • 1School of Civil Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266033, China.

Polymers
|January 28, 2026
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study developed toughened polyurethane/epoxy (PU/EP) interpenetrating polymer networks (IPNs) for enhanced material performance. Introducing polyester polyol significantly improved mechanical and adhesive properties, offering a new strategy for durable epoxy composites.

Keywords:
epoxy resin (EP)interpenetrating network structure (IPNs)polyurethane (PU)prepolymer

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Area of Science:

  • Polymer Science
  • Materials Science
  • Composite Materials

Background:

  • Epoxy resins require toughening for broader engineering applications, especially in durable concrete repair.
  • Developing high-performance toughened epoxy systems is crucial for advanced material needs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and characterize high-performance polyurethane/epoxy (PU/EP) interpenetrating polymer networks (IPNs).
  • To investigate the effect of soft segment modification on the mechanical and adhesive properties of epoxy composites.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesized PU/EP IPNs using polyether polyol (PPG-1000), isocyanate (MDI-50), and E51 epoxy via prepolymer and stepwise methods.
  • Optimized PU prepolymer content and tuned the soft segment by introducing polyester polyol (PS-2412).
  • Evaluated mechanical properties (tensile strength, elongation at break, compressive strength) and bond strengths (dry and wet).

Main Results:

  • Optimal PU prepolymer content (15 wt%) yielded balanced mechanical properties in polyether-based IPNs.
  • Incorporating PS-2412 at a 30/70 ratio significantly enhanced tensile strength (66.74 MPa), compressive strength (74.24 MPa), and bond strengths (5.68 MPa dry, 4.62 MPa wet).
  • Enhancements were attributed to increased crosslinking density and improved network uniformity from PS-2412.

Conclusions:

  • The study presents an effective soft-segment design strategy for toughened epoxy composites.
  • The developed PU/EP IPNs exhibit robust mechanical and adhesive properties suitable for demanding applications.
  • This research offers a pathway to advanced, durable epoxy materials through tailored polymer network design.