Pitch-Based Activated Carbon Fibers: Activation Influences and Supercapacitor Applications

Pitch-based activated carbon fibers, recognized for their excellent electrical conductivity, mechanical strength and durability, offer a compelling electrode alternative in the development of next-generation supercapacitors. In this review, we provide insight into the critical role of porosity in enhancing pitch-based carbon fiber performance in supercapacitors, with a focus on the processes and enhancements employed for pore introduction. The background and theoretical underpinnings for the necessity of porosity are briefly introduced, providing a rationale for the optimization of pore distribution. Moreover, the practical outcomes of these treatments are explored in supercapacitor applications, demonstrating the energy storage capabilities of pitch-based activated carbon fibers. In preparing this review, we surveyed the literature and found that pore introduction onto pitch-based carbon fibers is achieved almost solely through activation, which invites future research into alternative techniques. Additionally, it is apparent that future comparisons will benefit from the establishment of a standardized protocol for the reporting of supercapacitor performance.