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Ligustilide: A Phytochemical with Potential in Combating Cancer Development and Progression-A Comprehensive and
Victória Dogani Rodrigues1, Mayara Longui Cabrini2, Eliana de Souza Bastos Mazuqueli Pereira3
1Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina de Marília (FAMEMA), Marília 17519-030, São Paulo, Brazil.
Abstract:
Cancer remains one of the leading global health challenges, with increasing resistance to conventional therapies hindering treatment efficacy. Ligustilide, a bioactive compound derived from Ligusticum chuanxiong, has garnered attention for its multifaceted pharmacological properties, including anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, and anticancer effects. This review comprehensively examines Ligustilide and its isomer, (Z)-Ligustilide, focusing on their anticancer potential across various cancer types. Ligustilide exerts its therapeutic effects through multiple mechanisms, including inhibition of cell proliferation, induction of apoptosis, and modulation of autophagy. Additionally, (Z)-Ligustilide has been shown to enhance drug sensitivity and modulate epigenetic regulation, providing a novel approach to overcoming chemoresistance. Despite promising preclinical results, the precise molecular mechanisms, pharmacokinetics, and bioavailability of Ligustilide remain under investigation. Future research should focus on optimizing its therapeutic applications, exploring its synergy with other chemotherapeutic agents, and assessing its potential in personalized cancer therapies. This review offers an in-depth analysis of Ligustilide's anticancer mechanisms, its role in overcoming drug resistance, and its potential as a novel therapeutic strategy in cancer treatment.
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