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An Angle Estimation Approach for Coherent FDA Radar Based on Transmit-Receive Sum and Difference Beamforming
Jun Zhang1,2, Jingwei Xu1, Guisheng Liao1
1National Key Laboratory of Radar Signal Processing, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, China.
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|January 28, 2026
Summary
This study introduces a novel high-precision angle estimation method for coherent Frequency Diverse Array (FDA) radar. The technique enhances angular resolution significantly without compromising surveillance coverage, offering robust performance for advanced radar systems.
Area of Science:
- Electrical Engineering
- Signal Processing
- Radar Systems
Background:
- Frequency Diverse Array (FDA) radar offers unique range-angle-coupled beampatterns.
- Conventional FDA radar systems face challenges in achieving high-precision angle estimation while maintaining wide coverage.
- Existing methods may compromise either coverage or accuracy.
Purpose of the Study:
- To propose a high-precision angle estimation method for coherent FDA radar.
- To leverage transmit sum and difference beamforming for enhanced angular resolution.
- To maintain wide transmission coverage alongside narrow reception capability.
Main Methods:
- Utilizing a small frequency offset across the coherent FDA radar aperture.
- Constructing an equivalent two-dimensional coupled sum-difference beam.
- Employing signal detection outputs from multiple transmitted beams.
Main Results:
- Achieved an angular resolution of 1/20 of the beamwidth at a 20 dB SNR.
- Demonstrated significant performance improvement over conventional techniques.
- Validated robust performance across various simulation scenarios.
Conclusions:
- The proposed method enables high-precision angle estimation in coherent FDA radar.
- It effectively combines wide surveillance coverage with accurate angle measurement.
- The technique is suitable for modern radar applications demanding both broad coverage and precise angle determination.
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