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Vector Bending Sensor Based on Power-Monitored Tapered Few-Mode Multi-Core Fiber.

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A novel fiber optic sensor using tapered few-mode multi-core fiber (FM-MCF) accurately detects bending direction and curvature. This vector bending sensor offers high sensitivity for challenging small curvature measurements.

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Area of Science:

  • Optoelectronics
  • Fiber Optics
  • Sensor Technology

Background:

  • Fiber optic sensors are crucial for various measurement applications.
  • Existing methods may struggle with detecting small curvatures or vector direction.
  • Few-mode multi-core fibers (FM-MCF) offer unique light propagation properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and demonstrate a vector bending sensor based on a tapered FM-MCF.
  • To achieve high-sensitivity and directional bending measurements.
  • To enable detection of small curvatures with high accuracy.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a tapered seven-core six-mode fiber.
  • Utilizing power coupling between cores upon bending.
  • Employing a power differential method for curvature and direction reconstruction.
  • Applying a deep fully connected feedforward neural network (DNN) for demodulation and prediction.

Main Results:

  • Sensitivity of not less than 0.14/m-1 within a curvature range of 2.5 m-1 to 10 m-1.
  • Mean absolute errors for bending radius and rotation angle prediction below 0.038 m and 3.087°, respectively.
  • Successful reconstruction of bending direction and curvature.

Conclusions:

  • The tapered FM-MCF vector bending sensor provides a low-cost, high-sensitivity solution.
  • The method effectively addresses challenges in detecting small curvatures.
  • This technology offers a promising approach for precise bending measurement applications.