Capillaria hepatica-A Neglected Zoonotic Parasite

Area of Science:

• Veterinary Parasitology
• Zoonotic Diseases
• Hepatology

Background:

• Capillaria hepatica is a significant zoonotic parasite with high infection rates in rodents, particularly Rattus norvegicus.
• It poses a considerable threat to human health due to potential high mortality and severe liver damage, despite infrequent human cases.
• The parasite's unique biology, complex life cycle, and diverse transmission routes contribute to challenges in its control.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the biological characteristics and pathogenic mechanisms of Capillaria hepatica.
• To summarize the epidemiology of human and animal infections.
• To discuss current diagnostic and treatment strategies for hepatic capillariasis.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of Capillaria hepatica.
• Analysis of epidemiological data on human and animal infections.
• Evaluation of diagnostic methods and treatment approaches.

Main Results:

• Capillaria hepatica exhibits specific infection patterns and pathogenicity due to its biological traits.
• Worldwide distribution and varied transmission routes complicate prevention and control efforts.
• Accurate early diagnosis remains a challenge due to non-specific clinical signs and limitations of existing methods.

Conclusions:

• Understanding Capillaria hepatica's biology and epidemiology is crucial for effective control.
• Improved diagnostic tools and strategies are needed for timely intervention in hepatic capillariasis.
• This review serves as a reference for research and clinical practice concerning this zoonotic parasite.