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Author Spotlight: Quantifying Pain Experience – An Illustrative Approach Using the Pain Body Diagram
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Relationship between pain, functionality, and body composition in patients with fibromyalgia: cross-sectional study
Edurne Úbeda-D'Ocasar1,2, Noemí Mayoral-Gonzalo1,2, Blanca Pedauyé-Rueda1,2
1Physiotherapy and Health Research Group (FYSA), Faculty of Health Sciences-HM Hospitals, University Camilo José Cela Urb, Madrid, Spain.
Frontiers in Medicine
|January 28, 2026
Summary
Fibromyalgia significantly impacts physical function and psychological well-being, with pain and depression being key drivers of disease severity. Body composition did not correlate with fibromyalgia symptoms in this study.
Area of Science:
- Rheumatology
- Pain Medicine
- Clinical Psychology
Background:
- Fibromyalgia (FM) is a chronic condition characterized by widespread pain, central sensitization, and significant psychosocial distress.
- Patients often experience impaired physical function, heightened pain sensitivity, and high rates of anxiety and depression.
- The intricate relationship between physical function, psychological state, and body composition in FM remains unclear.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the correlations between pain, fibromyalgia impact, psychological symptoms, physical performance, and body composition in women with fibromyalgia.
- To identify key factors contributing to the overall impact of fibromyalgia on patients' lives.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional study involving 80 women diagnosed with fibromyalgia.
- Assessments included functional tests (5-STST, HGS, TUG, gait speed), pain thresholds (algometry), body composition (bioimpedance), and validated questionnaires (FIQ, HADS, PSQI, VAS).
- Statistical analyses utilized Pearson's or Spearman's correlation coefficients to examine relationships between variables.
Main Results:
- Participants reported severe pain (VAS=7.03) and high fibromyalgia impact (FIQ=65.27).
- Moderate correlations were found between depression and functional tests (5-STST, TUG), and pain correlated significantly with anxiety and depression.
- No significant associations were observed between body composition and FM impact or pain; however, pain and depressive symptoms independently predicted higher fibromyalgia impact (FIQ).
Conclusions:
- Fibromyalgia management necessitates a multidisciplinary approach, including exercise, pain management, and psychological support.
- Optimizing body composition and overall health, alongside addressing pain and psychological distress, is crucial for reducing symptom burden and enhancing quality of life in individuals with FM.
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