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Updated: Jan 29, 2026

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Magnesium Bioabsorbable vs Titanium Screws in Hallux Valgus Surgery: A Prospective, Randomized Medium-term Trial.

Nikiforos P Saragas1,2, Michael de Buys1,2, Paulo N F Ferrao1,2

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Foot & Ankle Orthopaedics
|January 28, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Bioabsorbable magnesium screws show comparable outcomes to titanium screws for hallux valgus surgery. This study found magnesium screws safe, potentially reducing the need for hardware removal and simplifying revision surgery.

Keywords:
bioabsorbablehallux valgusmagnesium

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Biomaterials Science
  • Medical Devices

Background:

  • Metal implants are standard for osteotomy fixation in foot surgery but often necessitate removal.
  • Hallux valgus correction frequently requires secondary surgery for metal implant removal.
  • Bioabsorbable implants, including magnesium screws, offer an alternative to metal fixation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To prospectively compare the clinical and radiographic outcomes of magnesium screws versus traditional metal implants for hallux valgus deformity correction.
  • To evaluate the safety and efficacy of bioabsorbable magnesium screws in foot surgery.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective, randomized study comparing magnesium (n=24) and titanium (n=25) screws for hallux valgus correction.
  • Assessment of clinical outcomes using the American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society (AOFAS) forefoot score.
  • Radiographic measurements on weightbearing radiographs pre-operatively and at final follow-up, with documentation of all complications.

Main Results:

  • Both magnesium and titanium groups demonstrated significant improvements in radiographic parameters and AOFAS scores (P<.05) with no significant difference between groups.
  • Magnesium screws showed expected gas formation that resolved, fully resorbed without osteolysis, and had comparable recurrence rates to titanium screws.
  • No allergic reactions or wound complications were observed with magnesium screws; one case of hallux varus occurred in the magnesium group, and one screw removal for symptomatic hardware in the titanium group.

Conclusions:

  • Bioabsorbable magnesium screws are a safe and effective alternative to titanium screws for hallux valgus fixation.
  • Magnesium screws offer potential advantages including no interference with advanced imaging and reduced need for hardware removal.
  • Further research with larger sample sizes may elucidate minor between-group differences in outcomes.