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Approaches for sustaining diabetes prevention program practices post-graduation: A scoping review.

Josephine M Dudzik1, Emily A Johnston2, Yuning Liu3

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Booster programs help Diabetes Prevention Programs (DPP) graduates sustain benefits and reduce type 2 diabetes (T2DM) risk. These interventions improve weight and waist circumference, supporting long-term health outcomes.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Preventive Medicine
  • Metabolic Health

Background:

  • Diabetes Prevention Programs (DPP) are effective lifestyle interventions reducing type 2 diabetes (T2DM) incidence by 58% and improving cardiometabolic risk factors.
  • The long-term sustainability of DPP benefits and the efficacy of booster interventions for graduates are not well-established.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct a scoping review examining the availability, structure, and effectiveness of booster programs designed for DPP graduates.
  • To identify strategies for sustaining the positive health outcomes achieved through DPPs.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic search of PubMed, CINAHL, and Cochrane Clinical Trials was performed for relevant intervention studies published before January 23, 2025.
  • Due to limited studies and heterogeneity in reporting, findings were synthesized using a narrative approach.

Main Results:

  • Nine publications from four unique studies were included after screening 1613 articles.
  • Booster interventions demonstrated a significant reduction in long-term T2DM incidence.
  • While effects on blood glucose and HbA1c were inconsistent, significant improvements were noted in anthropometric measures like BMI, weight, and waist circumference.

Conclusions:

  • Booster programs show promise in reducing long-term T2DM risk and enhancing cardiometabolic health among DPP graduates.
  • Findings can inform the development of cost-effective, scalable interventions to manage the global prediabetes burden.