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Measuring the Shape and Size of Activated Sludge Particles Immobilized in Agar with an Open Source Software Pipeline
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Altered interactions and joint toxicity between microplastics and zinc induced by activated sludge composting process

Changyu Ma1, Xinyuan Hu1, Zihui Zhao1

  • 1Center of Free Electron Laser & High Magnetic field, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, PR China.

Journal of Hazardous Materials
|January 28, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Composting sludge transforms microplastics (MPs), increasing their capacity to adsorb zinc. This aging process enhances the combined toxicity of MPs and zinc to Caenorhabditis elegans, posing environmental risks.

Keywords:
AdsorptionDissolved organic matterHeavy metalJoint toxicityMicroplastics

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