Chitosan hydrogels as dynamic media for information storage: Challenges and emerging applications

The rapid advancement of information technology has led to significant progress in information storage media, with a notable increase in the storage capacity of hard materials. However, conventional hard or dry media face challenges when used in humid, flexible, or dynamic environments. Consequently, hydrogels, due to their unique hydrophilicity and environmental adaptability, can effectively overcome these limitations and become a promising alternative solution in the field of information storage. Among hydrogels, chitosan, a cationic polysaccharide with a unique molecular structure and exceptional biological activity, has garnered attention for its diverse response capabilities, making it a focal point in the exploration of novel information storage. This review highlights recent developments in the synthesis and applications of chitosan-based hydrogels, elucidating the information storage mechanism of these materials. Furthermore, it explores advancements in information encryption, biomedicine, and environmental interactions. Finally, the review outlines the challenges and prospects in leveraging chitosan-based hydrogels for information storage applications.