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Does the Especial Skill Exist Amongst Skilled Golfers?

Howie J Carson1, Matěj Brožka1,2, Simon G S Coleman3

  • 1Human Performance Science Research Group, Institute for Sport, Physical Education and Health Science, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.

Perceptual and Motor Skills
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Summary

The especial skill effect, previously seen in distance-regulated sports, shows mixed results in golf's non-distance regulated pitch shots. Some golfers improved precision at preferred distances, but accuracy gains were limited, suggesting further investigation is needed.

Keywords:
individual differencesmotor learning and controloutcome variabilitypitchingprecisionpredictive processing

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Area of Science:

  • Motor Learning
  • Sports Science
  • Human Performance

Background:

  • The "especial skill" effect is documented in sports with regulated execution distances.
  • This effect, where performance improves at a preferred distance, has not been studied in non-distance regulated skills.
  • Golf pitching is a non-distance regulated skill where the especial skill effect remains unexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the existence of the especial skill effect in golf pitch shots.
  • To determine if performance outcome variability (precision) or accuracy improves at a preferred distance compared to non-preferred distances.
  • To assess if the especial skill effect applies to non-distance regulated motor skills.

Main Methods:

  • Ten skilled male golfers (PGA Professionals and amateurs) participated.
  • Participants executed 50 golf pitch shots to various distances using their preferred wedge club without feedback.
  • Performance was measured using a photometric golf launch monitor for precision and accuracy.

Main Results:

  • Precision improved by at least 10% at the preferred distance for half of the participants compared to predicted values.
  • The especial skill effect was less prevalent when considering accuracy measures.
  • Results indicate a potential, but not universal, especial skill effect in golf pitching.

Conclusions:

  • The study provides initial support for the especial skill effect in non-distance regulated skills like golf pitching.
  • The effect appears to be golfer-dependent, with improvements seen in precision for some but not all participants.
  • Future research should integrate motor control theories and applied factors to further explore especial skills in sports.