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Left Inferior Vena Cava: A Cadaver Case Report.

Yoko Tabira¹, Joe Iwanaga^1,2,3,4,5,6, Aya Han¹

¹Division of Gross and Clinical Anatomy, Department of Anatomy, Kurume University School of Medicine.

The Kurume Medical Journal

|January 28, 2026

Summary

A rare anatomical variation, a left inferior vena cava (LIVC), was identified in an 85-year-old female cadaver. This finding highlights the importance of recognizing such variations for surgical safety and accurate diagnosis.

Keywords:

anatomy inferior vena cava kidney renal artery renal vein surgery

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Area of Science:

Anatomical studies
Vascular anatomy
Human cadaveric research

Background:

The inferior vena cava (IVC) is a major vein returning deoxygenated blood from the lower body to the heart.
Anatomical variations in the IVC, though rare, can impact clinical practice.
A left inferior vena cava (LIVC) is an uncommon congenital anomaly.

Purpose of the Study:

To report the discovery of a left inferior vena cava (LIVC) during a cadaveric dissection.
To emphasize the clinical significance of recognizing rare venous anomalies.
To highlight the implications for surgical planning and diagnostic imaging.

Main Methods:

Gross anatomical dissection of an 85-year-old female cadaver.
Detailed observation and documentation of the venous system, particularly the IVC and its tributaries.
Comparative analysis with known prevalence rates of IVC variations.

Main Results:

Identification of a persistent left superior vena cava (PLSVC) which ascended on the left of the abdominal aorta.
The LIVC crossed to the right side to join the typical IVC pathway.
Observed variations in the iliac venous system and renal vessels associated with the LIVC anomaly.

Conclusions:

The prevalence of LIVC is estimated between 0.05% and 0.69%.
Awareness of this anatomical variation is critical for surgeons to prevent intraoperative complications.
Thorough preoperative imaging and planning are essential when encountering potential IVC anomalies.