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Related Concept Videos

Traumatic Memory01:20

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Emotionally traumatic events often lead to memories that are exceptionally vivid and enduring, sometimes persisting with remarkable clarity throughout an individual's life. A classic example of this phenomenon is a person who survives a car accident. Even years later, they may recall every detail of the event with startling accuracy — the screeching of the tires, the jarring impact, and the acrid smell of burning rubber. Such vividness contrasts sharply with how an individual...
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Memory is one of the most vital higher mental functions of the brain. Memory is closely related to learning because it enables us to retain information and experiences from our past to use them in our present life. It also helps us to remember facts, events, and skills, such as riding a bike or swimming. There are two types of memory — declarative memory, which involves memorizing facts or events, and procedural memory, which enables us to remember how to do something like writing or...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 30, 2026

A Metric Test for Assessing Spatial Working Memory in Adult Rats Following Traumatic Brain Injury
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Ecological Momentary Intervention for Memory in Chronic Traumatic Brain Injury: Findings From a Mixed-Methods Pilot

Emily L Morrow1, Lyndsay A Nelson, Melissa C Duff

  • 1Author Affiliations: Division of General Internal Medicine & Public Health, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee (Drs Morrow, Nelson, and Mayberry) and Department of Hearing & Speech Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee (Dr Duff).

The Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation
|January 29, 2026
PubMed
Summary

A new text message tool for memory (MEMI) was feasible and acceptable for adults with chronic traumatic brain injury (TBI). Spaced retrieval using MEMI improved memory recall in both TBI and non-injured groups.

Keywords:
ecological momentary assessmentmemorymobile healthtext messagingtraumatic brain injury

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience and Rehabilitation
  • Digital Health Interventions
  • Cognitive Assessment Technologies

Background:

  • Chronic traumatic brain injury (TBI) often results in persistent memory deficits.
  • Existing memory rehabilitation strategies may have limitations in accessibility and engagement.
  • Technology-delivered interventions offer potential for scalable and personalized memory support.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the acceptability and feasibility of a technology-delivered memory assessment and intervention tool (MEMI).
  • To assess the intended spaced retrieval delivery schedule for MEMI in adults with chronic TBI.
  • To compare a blocked learning schedule with a spaced retrieval schedule for MEMI.

Main Methods:

  • A crossover study design involving 20 adults with moderate-severe chronic TBI and 20 non-injured comparison participants.
  • Participants used MEMI (memory ecological momentary intervention) via text messages for two weeks under both blocked and spaced retrieval schedules.
  • Primary outcomes included feasibility (session engagement) and acceptability (Acceptability of Intervention Measure); delayed free recall was also assessed.

Main Results:

  • High engagement and acceptability were reported by participants in both TBI and non-injured groups for MEMI.
  • The TBI group rated the spaced retrieval schedule as more acceptable than the blocked schedule.
  • Both groups demonstrated significantly improved delayed free recall of trained information with the spaced retrieval schedule.

Conclusions:

  • Spaced retrieval using the MEMI tool is a feasible and acceptable intervention for adults with chronic TBI.
  • MEMI shows promise as a valuable tool for memory assessment and intervention in clinical and research settings.
  • Further research with larger trials is warranted to confirm MEMI's efficacy and explore personalized content delivery.