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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 30, 2026

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Solar Steam Generation: A Recyclable and Hydrophilic Polydopamine/Polyurethane Bio-Foam.

Jiale Zong1, Daxin Wang1, Niming Zheng1

  • 1Key Laboratory of Processing and Application of Polymeric Foams of China National Light Industry Council, School of Light Industry Science and Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|January 29, 2026
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Summary

A novel biobased foam using polydopamine (PDA) and polyurethane (PU) offers efficient solar-driven water evaporation. This recyclable material addresses challenges in desalination, providing a sustainable solution for freshwater scarcity.

Keywords:
biobased polyurethane foamhydrophilicityphotothermal conversionself-cleaningwater evaporation

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Environmental Science
  • Chemical Engineering

Background:

  • Solar-driven interfacial evaporation is a key technology for sustainable freshwater production.
  • Challenges include low evaporation rates, salt accumulation, and non-recyclable materials.
  • Developing efficient, self-cleaning, and recyclable evaporators is crucial for large-scale desalination.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize a recyclable, biobased polydopamine (PDA)/polyurethane (PU) foam for efficient solar-driven water evaporation.
  • To evaluate the photothermal conversion, self-cleaning, and recyclability properties of the synthesized foam.
  • To assess the performance of the PDA/PU foam in solar seawater desalination.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of biobased PDA/PU composite foam.
  • Photothermal conversion efficiency testing under laser and simulated sunlight (1 kW/m²).
  • Solar-driven water evaporation rate measurement and cyclic stability testing (12 h).
  • Self-cleaning performance evaluation in saline water.
  • Recyclability assessment via enzymatic degradation (72 h).

Main Results:

  • PDA/PU foam reached 90.0 °C (laser) and 68.7 °C (simulated sunlight 1 kW/m²).
  • Achieved solar-driven water evaporation rate of 1.39 kg m⁻² h⁻¹ (1 kW/m²).
  • Demonstrated stable water evaporation (1.34 kg m⁻² h⁻¹) and self-cleaning in natural seawater.
  • Exhibited excellent continuous stability over 12 h and biodegradability within 72 h.

Conclusions:

  • The biobased PDA/PU foam shows high photothermal conversion efficiency and excellent solar evaporation performance.
  • The material possesses effective self-cleaning properties in saline environments.
  • The foam's recyclability and stable performance make it a promising candidate for large-scale solar desalination systems.