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Updated: Jan 30, 2026

Microwave Photonics Systems Based on Whispering-gallery-mode Resonators
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A Versatile Approach to Stabilize Whispering Gallery Microresonators Toward Reliable Photonic Labeling.

M Reale1,2, A Madonia1, S Agnello1,3

  • 1Department of Physics and Chemistry E. Segrè, University of Palermo, via Archirafi 36, 90123 Palermo, Italy.

The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters
|January 29, 2026
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Whispering gallery mode (WGM) microresonators show instability due to trapped solvent release. A simple protocol stabilizes these WGM microresonators for reliable sensing applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Optics
  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Whispering gallery mode (WGM) microresonators offer ultrasensitive optical detection.
  • They are ideal for photonic labels detecting minute size and refractive index variations.
  • Self-assembly methods, like loading microparticles with quantum dots, produce these resonators.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the cause of thermal and temporal drifts in WGM microresonators.
  • To develop a method for stabilizing WGM microresonator performance.
  • To advance the use of WGM microresonators in sensing and tracking applications.

Main Methods:

  • Combining experimental analysis with computational modeling.
  • Monitoring microparticle solvent release using WGM spectroscopy.
  • Implementing a protocol to suppress resonator instability.

Main Results:

  • Identified slow, days-long residual solvent release as the source of drifts.
  • Demonstrated that solvent release can be monitored via WGM spectroscopy.
  • Successfully stabilized WGM microresonator resonances into sharp, defined modes.

Conclusions:

  • Developed a simple protocol for long-term stabilization of WGM microresonators.
  • This stabilization advances their use as robust optical platforms and noninvasive sensors.
  • Enables precise self-tracking of microscale physicochemical changes.