Associations between the brain glymphatic system and mitochondrial (dys)function: a systematic review

Area of Science:

• Neuroscience
• Cellular Biology
• Metabolic Pathways

Background:

• Mitochondrial function and glymphatic system efficiency are crucial for maintaining brain health.
• Disruptions in these systems are implicated in various neurological disorders.
• Understanding their interplay is vital for developing novel therapeutic strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

• To systematically review existing evidence on the relationship between mitochondria and the glymphatic system.
• To identify potential mechanisms and factors linking these two critical brain components.

Main Methods:

• A systematic literature search was conducted following PRISMA guidelines.
• Databases searched included PubMed, Scopus, Medline, and Web of Science.
• Studies published up to June 1, 2024, were included.

Main Results:

• Six studies (two original, four reviews) were included from 103 initial records.
• Evidence suggests a likely interconnection between mitochondria and the glymphatic system.
• Mitochondrial abnormalities in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) and idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) may disrupt glymphatic function.
• REM sleep deprivation, melatonin, and inflammation were identified as potential linking factors.

Conclusions:

• The relationship between mitochondria and the glymphatic system is complex and requires further investigation.
• Mitochondrial dysfunction is observed in conditions with impaired glymphatic function (iNPH, IIH).
• Sleep and melatonin present potential therapeutic targets for enhancing mitochondrial activity and improving glymphatic function.