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Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
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Isolated Gallbladder Tuberculosis Mimicking Chronic Cholecystitis: A Case Report.

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Isolated gallbladder tuberculosis is rare and often misdiagnosed. Definitive diagnosis relies on histopathology, highlighting the importance of suspicion and examination in patients with a history of tuberculosis.

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abdominal tuberculosiscase reportcholelithiasischronic cholecystitisextrapulmonary tuberculosisgallbladder tuberculosisgranulomatous inflammationhistopathological diagnosis

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Area of Science:

  • Medicine
  • Pathology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Isolated gallbladder tuberculosis (GBTB) is an uncommon presentation of tuberculosis, even in endemic regions.
  • Nonspecific clinical and imaging findings frequently lead to misdiagnosis of GBTB.
  • Definitive diagnosis of GBTB relies on histopathological evidence of granulomatous inflammation with caseous necrosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a case of isolated gallbladder tuberculosis.
  • To emphasize the importance of high clinical suspicion and routine histopathological examination for diagnosing GBTB, especially in patients with a history of tuberculosis.

Main Methods:

  • Case report of a 50-year-old male patient.
  • Clinical presentation included imaging suggestive of gallbladder perforation and chronic cholecystitis.
  • Diagnosis was confirmed through histopathological examination of the resected specimen.

Main Results:

  • Histopathological examination revealed granulomatous inflammation with caseous necrosis, confirming gallbladder tuberculosis.
  • The patient's presentation mimicked other gallbladder pathologies, underscoring diagnostic challenges.

Conclusions:

  • GBTB is a rare condition that requires a high index of suspicion for timely diagnosis.
  • Histopathological evaluation of resected gallbladder specimens is crucial for definitive diagnosis of GBTB.
  • Early diagnosis and management are vital, particularly in patients with a known history of tuberculosis.