Mapping awareness and application of orthobiologics among orthopaedic professionals: A cross-sectional study

Orthobiologics-biological substances like platelet-rich plasma (PRP), bone marrow aspirate concentrate, and stem cells-are increasingly used in musculoskeletal care to promote tissue repair and reduce reliance on invasive surgery. Despite global momentum, India's clinical adoption remains underexplored.

To inform education, policy, and resource allocation for the safe and effective adoption of orthobiologics in musculoskeletal care.

A cross-sectional electronic survey was conducted from January to March 2025 among orthopaedic surgeons, academicians, and trainees across India. The questionnaire assessed demographics, knowledge of orthobiologics, attitudes toward training and subspecialization, usage trends, regulatory awareness, and perceived barriers. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and χ ²/Fisher's exact tests, with P < 0.05 considered significant.

A total of 1280 valid responses were collected. Awareness of orthobiologics was high (97%), with PRP being the most familiar and widely used (80%). Formal training was reported by only 31%, though 85% showed interest in structured education, and 68% supported orthobiologics as a subspecialty. Satisfaction with clinical outcomes averaged 6.5 ± 2.3 out of 10 points. Barriers included high treatment cost (64%), poor patient awareness (90%), and limited access to biologics labs (18%). Regulatory understanding was moderate, with academic-affiliated clinicians more informed about stem cell guidelines.

Indian orthopaedic professionals demonstrate strong awareness and optimism toward orthobiologics, but widespread gaps in training, infrastructure, and regulation hinder broader adoption. Strategic investments in education, standardized protocols, and accessible facilities are essential to support safe and evidence-driven integration of regenerative therapies into clinical practice.