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A Model of Cardiac Remodeling Through Constriction of the Abdominal Aorta in Rats

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RNA Processing in Cardiac Hypertrophy: Coordinating Physiological Adaptation and Pathological Remodeling.

Mengling Peng¹, Yu Fu¹, Cong Qin¹

¹Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.

FASEB Journal : Official Publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology

|January 29, 2026

Summary

RNA processing, including modifications and splicing, is vital for cardiac hypertrophy. Dysregulated RNA programs drive pathological remodeling, but targeting RNA pathways offers new cardiovascular therapies.

Keywords:

RNA editing RNA modification RNA processing alternative splicing cardiac hypertrophy mRNA stability

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Area of Science:

Cardiovascular Biology
Molecular Biology
Epigenetics

Background:

Cardiac hypertrophy involves complex gene expression changes.
Post-transcriptional RNA processing is a key factor in cardiac homeostasis.
Understanding RNA modifications, splicing, stability, and editing is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

To review RNA processing in physiological and pathological cardiac hypertrophy.
To highlight epitranscriptomic marks (m6A, m5C, m7G) and RNA-binding proteins.
To explore the role of RNA processing in adaptive and maladaptive cardiac remodeling.

Main Methods:

Literature review of RNA modifications, alternative splicing, mRNA stability, and RNA editing.
Analysis of key RNA-binding proteins and adenosine deaminases acting on RNA (ADAR1/2).
Examination of specific examples like RBFOX2, RBM20, and METTL14 in exercise-induced hypertrophy.

Main Results:

Exercise-induced hypertrophy involves adaptive RNA processing supporting sarcomere organization, calcium handling, and survival.
Pathological hypertrophy features dysregulated RNA programs promoting maladaptive remodeling and heart failure.
Specific regulators (METTL3, YTHDF2, RBM24, ADAR2) balance adaptive and maladaptive responses.

Conclusions:

RNA processing plays a dual role in cardiac hypertrophy, contributing to both adaptation and maladaptation.
Targeting RNA processing nodes (e.g., METTL3, RBM24) offers potential therapeutic strategies.
RNA-targeted interventions represent a promising avenue for precision cardiovascular therapy.