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Core-Shell Structures of Bioactive Glass Nanoparticles and MIL-100 Framework: Properties and Biomedical Applications.

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A novel bioactive glass and metal-organic framework hybrid material shows promise for bone regeneration. This MIL-100(Fe)@BG composite exhibits osteogenic potential and intrinsic antibacterial properties, aiding bone repair and infection control.

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AntibacterialBioactive glassBioactivityBiocompatibilityHybrid materialMetal−organic frameworkX-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS)

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Biomaterials Engineering
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Developing multifunctional biomaterials is crucial for bone regeneration, requiring materials with osteoconductivity, osteoinductivity, and antimicrobial properties.
  • Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) offer tunable properties, while bioactive glasses (BGs) promote bone healing, but combining them presents challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and characterize a novel core-shell hybrid material combining bioactive glass (BG) nanoparticles and the MIL-100(Fe) metal-organic framework (MOF).
  • To evaluate the cytocompatibility, osteogenic potential, bioactivity, and intrinsic antibacterial properties of the MIL-100(Fe)@BG hybrid material for bone regeneration applications.

Main Methods:

  • A layer-by-layer strategy was employed to synthesize the MIL-100(Fe)@BG core-shell hybrid.
  • Material characterization included high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), spectroscopy (FTIR, XPS, XAS), and N2 sorption.
  • In vitro studies assessed cytocompatibility (MC3T3, HDF), hemolysis, osteogenic differentiation (ALP, ARS), bioactivity (DPBS, SBF), and antibacterial activity (E. coli, S. aureus).

Main Results:

  • The MIL-100(Fe)@BG hybrid material was successfully synthesized, featuring a continuous MOF shell (6.1 ± 0.9 nm) on BG nanoparticles, confirmed by HRTEM and spectroscopy.
  • The hybrid material demonstrated excellent cytocompatibility, hemocompatibility, and induced osteogenic differentiation in MC3T3 cells.
  • Bioactivity studies showed rapid hydroxyapatite formation, and under physiological conditions, the MOF shell transformed into Fe2O3 nanoparticles, exhibiting significant antibacterial activity against E. coli and S. aureus.

Conclusions:

  • The MIL-100(Fe)@BG core-shell hybrid material is a promising multifunctional platform for bone regeneration.
  • Its combination of bioactivity, osteogenic potential, hemocompatibility, and intrinsic antibacterial properties addresses key challenges in bone defect treatment.
  • This novel biomaterial offers a potential solution for simultaneous bone repair and infection management without external antimicrobials.