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Uncovering EMT-Associated Molecular Mechanisms Through Integrative Transcriptomic and Machine Learning Analyses
Şehriban Büyükkılıç1,2, Hani Alotaibi1,2, Alexandros G Georgakilas3
1Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center, 35340 Izmir, Türkiye.
Frontiers in Bioscience (Landmark Edition)
|January 29, 2026
Summary
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) drives normal development and cancer. This study reveals distinct gene expression patterns in cancer EMT, including neural programs, and identifies potential biomarkers for tumor invasion.
Area of Science:
- Molecular Biology
- Developmental Biology
- Cancer Biology
Background:
- Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is crucial for development and cancer progression.
- EMT drives tumor invasion and metastasis, but differences between physiological and cancer EMT are unclear.
Purpose of the Study:
- To delineate transcriptional differences between physiological and cancer-associated EMT.
- To identify and prioritize genes and pathways involved in EMT.
- To discover potential EMT biomarkers.
Main Methods:
- Integrative analysis of 89 mouse RNA-sequencing datasets.
- Transcriptomic profiling, functional enrichment analysis, and machine learning.
- Comparison of normal and malignant contexts.
Main Results:
- Shared pathways in normal and cancer EMT include cell adhesion and morphogenesis.
- Cancer EMT uniquely shows enrichment for neural development programs (neurogenesis, gliogenesis).
- Machine learning identified candidate EMT biomarkers with higher heterogeneity in cancer.
Conclusions:
- Distinct transcriptional profiles differentiate malignant from physiological EMT.
- Neural program enrichment in cancer EMT suggests mechanisms for cellular plasticity.
- Candidate biomarkers for EMT heterogeneity were identified.
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