Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Sampling Methods: Sample Types01:18

Sampling Methods: Sample Types

3.3K
Sampling materials are classified into three main types: solid, liquid, and gas.
Solid samples include a variety of substances, such as sediments from water bodies, soil, metals, and biological tissues. Two standard methods for extracting sediments from water bodies are grab sampling and piston coring. Grab sampling involves using a device to collect a discrete sediment sample from the bottom of a water body with minimal disturbance. Grab samples do not always represent the entire area due to...
3.3K
Convenience Sampling Method00:55

Convenience Sampling Method

11.6K
Sampling is a technique to select a portion (or subset) of the larger population and study that portion (the sample) to gain information about the population. Data are the result of sampling from a population. The sampling method ensures that samples are drawn without bias and accurately represent the population.
Convenience sampling is a non-random method of sample selection; this method selects individuals that are easily accessible and may result in biased data. For example, a marketing...
11.6K
Sampling Methods: Overview01:06

Sampling Methods: Overview

3.4K
A sample refers to a smaller subset representative of a larger population. In analytical chemistry, studying or analyzing an entire population is often impractical or impossible. Therefore, samples are used to draw inferences and generalize the whole population. The sampling method selects individuals or items from a population to create a sample. Standard sampling methods include random, judgemental, systematic, stratified, and cluster sampling. 
In analytical chemistry, the choice of...
3.4K
Systematic Sampling Method01:17

Systematic Sampling Method

13.2K
Sampling is a technique to select a portion (or subset) of the larger population and study that portion (the sample) to gain information about the population. Data are the result of sampling from a population. The sampling method ensures that samples are drawn without bias and accurately represent the population. Because measuring the entire population in a study is not practical, researchers use samples to represent the population of interest.
Systematic sampling is one of the simplest methods...
13.2K
Stratified Sampling Method01:16

Stratified Sampling Method

15.4K
Sampling is a technique to select a portion (or subset) of the larger population and study that portion (the sample) to gain information about the population. The sampling method ensures that samples are drawn without bias and accurately represent the population. Because measuring the entire population in a study is not practical, researchers use samples to represent the population of interest.
To choose a stratified sample, divide the population into groups called strata and then take a...
15.4K
Cluster Sampling Method01:20

Cluster Sampling Method

14.7K
Appropriate sampling methods ensure that samples are drawn without bias and accurately represent the population. Because measuring the entire population in a study is not practical, researchers use samples to represent the population of interest.
To choose a cluster sample, divide the population into clusters (groups) and then randomly select some of the clusters. All the members from these clusters are in the cluster sample. For example, if you randomly sample four departments from your...
14.7K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same journal

Long-Term Discharge Records from United States and European Karst Springs: Data Limitations in Trend Analysis.

Ground water·2026
Same journal

PSO-Optimized Ensemble Learning with SHAP for Seasonal Groundwater Quality Prediction.

Ground water·2026
Same journal

Computing Flow-Field Distortion Coefficients from Well-Construction and Formation Properties.

Ground water·2026
Same journal

Leaky Sewers Hydraulically Disconnect from Groundwater: A Proof-of-Concept.

Ground water·2026
Same journal

Python-Based Model Emulation Workflows with PEST.

Ground water·2026
Same journal

Hydrogeology in the Age of AI and Climate Change.

Ground water·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 31, 2026

Sampling and Identification of Microplastics in Groundwater
08:27

Sampling and Identification of Microplastics in Groundwater

Published on: November 7, 2025

1.2K

Comparing Groundwater Sampling Devices for Denitrification Assessment Using the N2/Ar Method.

Felix Fahrenbach, Thomas R Rüde1

  • 1RWTH Aachen University, Institute of Hydrogeology, Lochnerstr. 4-20, 52064, Aachen, Germany.

Ground Water
|January 29, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The submersible pump is best for groundwater sampling to measure denitrification using the N2/Ar method. It provides accurate excess-N2 concentrations, unlike bladder pumps or bailers.

More Related Videos

Estimating Sediment Denitrification Rates Using Cores and N2O Microsensors
07:59

Estimating Sediment Denitrification Rates Using Cores and N2O Microsensors

Published on: December 6, 2018

8.6K
The Innovation Arena: A Method for Comparing Innovative Problem-Solving Across Groups
14:14

The Innovation Arena: A Method for Comparing Innovative Problem-Solving Across Groups

Published on: May 13, 2022

6.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 31, 2026

Sampling and Identification of Microplastics in Groundwater
08:27

Sampling and Identification of Microplastics in Groundwater

Published on: November 7, 2025

1.2K
Estimating Sediment Denitrification Rates Using Cores and N2O Microsensors
07:59

Estimating Sediment Denitrification Rates Using Cores and N2O Microsensors

Published on: December 6, 2018

8.6K
The Innovation Arena: A Method for Comparing Innovative Problem-Solving Across Groups
14:14

The Innovation Arena: A Method for Comparing Innovative Problem-Solving Across Groups

Published on: May 13, 2022

6.4K

Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Hydrogeology
  • Geochemistry

Background:

  • The N2/Ar method quantifies denitrification in groundwater by measuring excess-N2.
  • Accurate dissolved N2 and Ar concentrations are essential for the N2/Ar method.
  • Groundwater sampling methods can introduce errors via degassing or atmospheric contamination.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of different groundwater sampling devices on N2, Ar, and excess-N2 measurements.
  • To determine the most suitable sampling method for reliable denitrification assessment using the N2/Ar technique.

Main Methods:

  • Collected groundwater samples from 15 wells using submersible pumps, bladder pumps, and a point-source bailer.
  • Analyzed dissolved N2 and Ar concentrations in collected samples.
  • Calculated excess-N2 concentrations to assess denitrification.

Main Results:

  • Sampling devices significantly affected measured N2, Ar, and excess-N2 concentrations.
  • Submersible pumps yielded the highest N2 and Ar, leading to the highest excess-N2.
  • Bladder pumps and bailers resulted in lower excess-N2 concentrations.

Conclusions:

  • Submersible pumps are practical and suitable for groundwater sampling for denitrification studies using the N2/Ar method.
  • Careful consideration of sampling methodology is crucial for accurate denitrification assessment in groundwater.