Research progress of MicroRNA in lung cancer

Area of Science:

• Biochemistry
• Molecular Biology
• Oncology

Background:

• Lung cancer (LC) is a leading cause of cancer mortality, with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) comprising the majority of cases.
• Despite therapeutic advances, challenges like drug resistance and metastasis persist, limiting survival improvements.
• Dysregulated microRNA (miRNA) expression is increasingly recognized as a critical factor in LC initiation and progression.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the current understanding of microRNAs (miRNAs) in lung cancer (LC).
• To emphasize the classification, signaling pathway interactions, and clinical translational potential of miRNAs in LC.
• To explore the application of miRNAs in LC diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment prediction.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of recent research on miRNAs in lung cancer.
• Analysis of miRNA classification and their roles in cellular processes.
• Examination of miRNA involvement in key signaling pathways relevant to LC.
• Evaluation of the translational potential of miRNAs for clinical applications.

Main Results:

• MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs crucial for gene regulation, impacting proliferation, metabolism, stress responses, and apoptosis.
• Aberrant miRNA expression is strongly associated with the initiation, progression, and therapeutic response in lung cancer (LC).
• miRNAs demonstrate significant potential as biomarkers for early detection, prognosis, and predicting treatment outcomes in NSCLC.

Conclusions:

• MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play multifaceted roles in lung cancer (LC), influencing tumor growth, metastasis, and response to therapy.
• Modulating miRNA expression presents a promising therapeutic strategy for lung cancer (LC) treatment.
• miRNAs hold substantial promise for improving early diagnosis, prognosis, and personalized treatment strategies in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).