Gene mutation in metabolism syndrome with hematologic tumor: A retrospective cohort study

Metabolism Syndrome (MS) is strongly linked to tumorigenesis, yet its impact on gene mutations in hematologic tumors (HT) remains underexplored. This study aims to elucidate the effect of MS on HT gene mutations. Between 2021 and 2024, 229 HT patients were enrolled, including 113 with MS and 116 without. All patients underwent thorough clinical assessments and gene mutation analyses. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to identify factors associated with HT gene mutations, while Spearman's correlation evaluated the ordinal relationship between HT and MS. HT patients with MS exhibited significantly higher gene mutation rates than those without MS (79.65% vs. 68.10%, p = 0.047). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed associations between HT gene mutations and age (OR = 1.058, 95%CI, 1.030-1.088, p < 0.001) and clinical stage (OR = 0.371, 95%CI, 0.145-0.949, p < 0.001). Subgroup analysis indicated that MS-comorbid HT patients under 60 years exhibited a notably higher mutation rate than their non-MS counterparts (72.22% vs. 50.00%, p = 0.036). Spearman's correlation analysis further confirmed a link between HT gene mutations and MS (R = - 0.131, p = 0.047). This real-world retrospective study suggests that MS may elevate gene mutation rates in HT patients, especially those under 60 years old. However, tumor gene mutations are likely influenced by multiple factors, warranting further research with a broader range of variables for a more comprehensive understanding.