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Wideband circularly polarized leaky wave rectenna.

Nesma Mohamed1,2,3, Nermeen A Eltresy4, Basem E Elnaghi1

  • 1Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt.

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Summary

This study introduces a circular polarized rectenna using a leaky wave antenna (LWA) for enhanced radio frequency (RF) energy harvesting. The novel design minimizes polarization losses and achieves a 53.8% conversion efficiency, improving wireless power transfer.

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Area of Science:

  • Electrical Engineering
  • Electromagnetics
  • Antenna Theory

Background:

  • Radio frequency (RF) energy harvesting is crucial for powering wireless devices.
  • Polarization mismatch and limited spatial capture reduce harvesting efficiency.
  • Leaky Wave Antennas (LWAs) offer beam scanning capabilities for dynamic RF source tracking.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a circular polarized rectenna for efficient RF energy harvesting.
  • To integrate a leaky wave antenna (LWA) with a rectifier circuit for the 5G midrange band.
  • To enhance energy capture by minimizing polarization losses and extending spatial range.

Main Methods:

  • Design and fabrication of a circular polarized leaky wave antenna (LWA) array.
  • Integration of the LWA array with a wideband rectifier circuit using an SMS7630 Schottky diode.
  • Impedance matching using a wideband compression network for stable performance across 4.1-5.5 GHz.

Main Results:

  • The LWA demonstrated a wide beam scanning angle (-21° to 29°) and high gain (9.8 dBi at 5.3 GHz).
  • The rectifier circuit achieved effective impedance matching and stable wideband performance.
  • The rectenna achieved a maximum DC output voltage of 1.2 V and a conversion efficiency of 53.8% at 4.2 GHz.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed circular polarized rectenna effectively harvests RF energy from the 5G midrange band.
  • Integration of circular polarization with LWA technology significantly improves energy harvesting efficiency.
  • The design offers a promising solution for powering low-power wireless electronic devices.