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Clinical Manifestations of Emerging Trichosporon spp. Infections, France

Marie Desnos-Ollivier, Alexandre Alanio, Maud Gits-Muselli

    Emerging Infectious Diseases
    |January 30, 2026
    PubMed

    Insights

    Invasive Trichosporonaceae fungal infections are rare but deadly, showing resistance to echinocandins. Accurate species identification is crucial for managing these challenging fungal diseases.

    Area of Science:

    • Medical Mycology
    • Infectious Diseases
    • Antimicrobial Resistance

    Background:

    • Fungi in the Trichosporonaceae family are typically linked to colonization or allergic respiratory issues, not invasive illness.
    • Trichosporonaceae possess inherent resistance to echinocandin drugs, complicating treatment and leading to high mortality.
    • Invasive fungal infections pose a significant global health threat, particularly in immunocompromised individuals.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To conduct a nationwide analysis of invasive diseases caused by Trichosporon species and related fungi in France over two decades.
    • To investigate the clinical data, antifungal susceptibility profiles, and molecular identification of Trichosporon infections.
    • To highlight the importance of accurate species identification for epidemiological insights and patient management.

    Main Methods:

    • A retrospective analysis of 112 cases of invasive Trichosporon infections diagnosed in France from 2000 to 2020.
    • Combination of clinical data review, antifungal susceptibility testing, and molecular identification techniques (e.g., sequencing).
    • Epidemiological and clinical data were correlated with identified species and genotypes.

    Main Results:

    • Twelve Trichosporon species were identified, with Trichosporon asahii being the most prevalent, followed by the newly identified Trichosporon austroamericanum.
    • Clinical data revealed significant differences between species, including a higher incidence of T. asahii infections in children.
    • Substantial variations in antimicrobial drug susceptibility were observed among different Trichosporon species.

    Conclusions:

    • Accurate identification of Trichosporon species is essential due to varying clinical presentations and microbiological characteristics.
    • Understanding species-specific traits, like antifungal resistance patterns, is critical for effective patient treatment and management.
    • This study underscores the need for continued surveillance and research into invasive Trichosporon infections.

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