Nanobubbles Affect Analyte Translocation through Glass Nanopores by Inducing Two-Stage Current Signals

Noise reduction has long been a key focus for enhancing the accuracy of nanopore detection, and bubbles are a primary source of noise in nanopores. However, the effect of bubbles on the translocation process of analytes in nanopores has not been thoroughly studied. This study found, through a combination of experiments and simulations, that bubbles can distort the translocation current of analytes, making it difficult to accurately characterize analyte size through current. At the same time, a detailed analysis was conducted on the specific effects of bubble size and position on translocation current. This achievement helps to eliminate the interference of bubbles on analyte translocation events and improves the accuracy of signal detection.