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Updated: Jan 31, 2026

Determination of Inorganic Arsenic in a Wide Range of Food Matrices using Hydride Generation - Atomic Absorption Spectrometry.
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Upper Limb Ataxia Among Residents With Chronic Inorganic Arsenic Exposure: A Quantitative Pilot Study.

Yuma Sato1, Nobuyuki Ishii1,2, Takashi Sugiyama1

  • 1Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, JPN.

Cureus
|January 30, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Chronic inorganic arsenic exposure in Japan did not show significant upper limb ataxia. Distal symmetric neuropathy was common, potentially explaining dizziness alongside age-related decline.

Keywords:
cerebellar ataxiadigital biomarkersdizzinesselderly populationinorganic arsenic exposureperipheral neuropathysmartphone spiral analysistoroku japan

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Environmental Health
  • Toxicology

Background:

  • Organic arsenic compounds are known to cause cerebellar ataxia.
  • The neurological effects of chronic inorganic arsenic exposure are not well understood.
  • Residents in Toroku, Japan, historically exposed to inorganic arsenic, report dizziness.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between chronic inorganic arsenic exposure and cerebellar dysfunction in a Japanese community.
  • To assess upper limb ataxia as a manifestation of cerebellar function in this cohort.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective pilot study of residents chronically exposed to airborne inorganic arsenic.
  • Participants (aged 66-85) were classified as certified with chronic arsenic poisoning (C-CAP) or non-certified (NC).
  • Upper limb coordination assessed using TREMOR AI smartphone application and clinical examination by a blinded neurologist.

Main Results:

  • Thirty-two residents (17 C-CAP, 15 NC) were included; C-CAP participants were older.
  • Clinically evident cerebellar ataxia was rare; distal symmetric peripheral neuropathy was common (64.7% vs 60.0%).
  • No significant differences in smartphone-assessed upper limb ataxia (% spiral length, deviation area) between C-CAP and NC groups.

Conclusions:

  • Chronic inorganic arsenic poisoning in this cohort was not primarily characterized by prominent upper limb ataxia.
  • Dizziness may be linked to distal symmetric neuropathy and age-related vestibular decline.
  • A multisensory deficit hypothesis for dizziness warrants further investigation in vestibular and postural studies.