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Related Concept Videos

Directing Effect of Substituents: meta-Directing Groups01:09

Directing Effect of Substituents: meta-Directing Groups

6.0K
Substituents on the benzene ring that direct an incoming electrophile to undergo substitution at the meta position are called meta directors. All meta directors either have a positive charge on the atom directly bonded to the ring or a partial positive charge. These groups function by withdrawing electrons from the ring through inductive and resonance effects. Consider the carbocation intermediates formed upon the addition of an electrophile on nitrobenzene at the...
6.0K
meta-Directing Deactivators: –NO2, –CN, –CHO, –⁠CO2R, –COR, –CO2H01:13

meta-Directing Deactivators: –NO2, –CN, –CHO, –⁠CO2R, –COR, –CO2H

6.7K
All meta-directing substituents are deactivating groups. These substituents withdraw electrons from the aromatic ring, making the ring less reactive toward electrophilic substitution. For example, the nitration of nitrobenzene is 100,000 times slower than that of benzene because of the deactivating effect of the nitro group. The first step in an electrophilic aromatic substitution is the addition of an electrophile to form a resonance-stabilized carbocation. The energy diagrams for...
6.7K
¹H NMR of Conformationally Flexible Molecules: Temporal Resolution00:52

¹H NMR of Conformationally Flexible Molecules: Temporal Resolution

1.3K
At room temperature, the chair conformer of cyclohexane undergoes rapid ring flipping between two equivalent chair conformers at a rate of approximately 105 times per second. These two chair conformers are in equilibrium. The rapid ring flipping results in the interconversion of the axial proton to an equatorial proton and an equatorial to the axial proton. Such interconversions are too rapid and cannot be detected on the NMR timescale. Hence, the NMR spectrometer cannot distinguish between the...
1.3K
Classification of Titrimetric Analysis Based on Reaction Types01:01

Classification of Titrimetric Analysis Based on Reaction Types

1.7K
Titrimetric analysis in solution chemistry involves measuring the volume of solutions and is often called volumetric analysis. The standard solution of known concentration in the burette is called the titrant, whereas the solution of unknown concentration in the flask is called the analyte, or titrand. Titrimetric analyses can be classified into four types based on the reactions between the titrant and analyte.
Titrations between an acid and a base lead to neutralization reactions that form...
1.7K
¹H NMR of Conformationally Flexible Molecules: Variable-Temperature NMR01:15

¹H NMR of Conformationally Flexible Molecules: Variable-Temperature NMR

1.7K
The axial and equatorial protons in cyclohexane can be distinguished by performing a variable-temperature NMR experiment. In this process, except for one proton, the remaining eleven protons are replaced by deuterium. The deuterium substitution avoids the possible peak splitting caused by the spin-spin coupling between the adjacent protons. The remaining proton flips between the axial and equatorial positions.
1.7K
Qualitative Analysis03:46

Qualitative Analysis

24.2K
For solutions containing mixtures of different cations, the identity of each cation can be determined by qualitative analysis. This technique involves a series of selective precipitations with different chemical reagents, each reaction producing a characteristic precipitate for a specific group of cations. Metal ions within a group are further separated by varying the pH, heating the mixture to redissolve a precipitate, or adding other reagents to form complex ions.
For instance, group IV...
24.2K

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Updated: Jan 31, 2026

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Neurosynth Compose: A web-based platform for flexible and reproducible neuroimaging meta-analysis.

James D Kent1, Nicholas Lee1, Angela R Laird2

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States.

Imaging Neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.)
|January 30, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Neurosynth Compose offers a streamlined platform for creating reproducible neuroimaging meta-analyses. This tool enhances data synthesis by integrating automated collection with expert curation, fostering a collaborative knowledge base for functional neuroimaging research.

Keywords:
cognitive neurosciencefMRIinformaticsmeta-analysisneuroimagingopen-source

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Science
  • Data Science

Background:

  • The exponential growth in functional neuroimaging studies complicates synthesizing research findings.
  • Existing automated platforms have limitations in addressing complex research questions.
  • Manual meta-analyses are time-consuming, lack reproducibility, and risk data loss.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Introduce Neurosynth Compose, a web-based platform to simplify the creation of transparent and reproducible neuroimaging meta-analyses.
  • Address the limitations of current meta-analysis methods in functional neuroimaging.

Main Methods:

  • User-friendly interface for study curation and annotation following PRISMA guidelines.
  • Integration with NeuroStore database (30,000+ studies) for pre-extracted activation coordinates.
  • Utilizes Neuroimaging Meta-Analysis Data Standard (NiMADS) and NiMARE Python library for analysis.
  • Supports local or cloud execution with portable bundles.

Main Results:

  • Streamlines the creation of high-quality neuroimaging meta-analyses.
  • Facilitates interactive review and rapid sharing of results.
  • Encourages a crowdsourced knowledge base through shared annotations and meta-analyses.
  • Enables the development of continuously updated 'living' meta-analyses.

Conclusions:

  • Neurosynth Compose enhances the efficiency, transparency, and reproducibility of neuroimaging meta-analyses.
  • The platform fosters collaboration and the creation of a dynamic, evolving knowledge base in the field.
  • Facilitates the synthesis of functional neuroimaging data for advancing research.