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A Review on Aptamer Feasibility in Aptasensor Developments for High-Performance Bioligand Analysis
Thangavel Lakshmipriya1,2, Subash C B Gopinath2,3,4,5, Hemavathi Krishnan2
1Department of Community Medicine, Saveetha Medical College & Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, India.
Critical Reviews in Analytical Chemistry
|January 30, 2026
Summary
Aptamers, which are synthetic molecules, are used to create highly sensitive biosensors called aptasensors. These aptasensors can detect specific targets, offering a promising alternative to traditional antibody-based detection methods.
Area of Science:
- Biotechnology
- Nanotechnology
- Analytical Chemistry
Background:
- Aptamers are synthetic nucleic acid or peptide molecules selected through in vitro or in vivo methods.
- They possess unique structural properties allowing for specific target binding and labeling.
- Aptamers are increasingly utilized in sensor development due to their stability and ease of conjugation with nanomaterials.
Purpose of the Study:
- To highlight the role of aptamers in developing advanced biosensing technologies.
- To explore the potential of aptamers as recognition elements in high-performance analytical systems.
- To position aptamers as a viable alternative to antibodies in sensor applications.
Main Methods:
- Aptamers are generated using amplification and separation procedures from synthetic libraries.
- Immobilization of aptamers on sensor platforms utilizes various functionalization chemistries.
- Conjugation with nanomaterials enhances signal reporting for target detection.
Main Results:
- Aptamer-based sensors (aptasensors) demonstrate enhanced sensitivity for target detection.
- Various sensing systems leveraging aptamer-nanomaterial conjugates have been developed.
- Aptasensors show promise for sensitive clinical and serological biomarker detection.
Conclusions:
- Aptamers are versatile molecules for creating sensitive and specific aptasensors.
- Aptasensors offer a high-throughput and potentially more efficient alternative to antibody-based detection.
- The application of aptasensors is expanding in clinical diagnostics and biomarker analysis.
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