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Updated: Jan 31, 2026
14:17
Neutrophil Extracellular Traps: How to Generate and Visualize Them
Published on: February 24, 2010
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Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in Pediatric Infections: A Systematic Review
Anastasia Stoimeni1, Nikolaos Gkiourtzis1, Vera Karatisidou1
14th Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Papageorgiou General Hospital, 56403 Thessaloniki, Greece.
Current Issues in Molecular Biology
|January 30, 2026
Summary
Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) play a role in pediatric infections, particularly respiratory diseases and febrile urinary tract infections. Further research is needed to standardize NET detection and understand their prognostic value in children.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Pediatrics
Background:
- Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are crucial for innate immunity.
- Their role in pediatric infections is not fully understood, unlike in adult diseases.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review current evidence on NET formation in pediatric infections.
- To identify knowledge gaps and guide future research in this area.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review following Cochrane Handbook and PRISMA guidelines.
- Searched MEDLINE/PubMed and Scopus databases.
- Assessed study quality using the modified Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.
Main Results:
- Eleven studies were included.
- NETs correlated with severity in respiratory infections.
- Elevated NET markers found in febrile urinary tract infections and severe COVID-19 (MIS-C).
- Inconsistent findings reported for sepsis.
Conclusions:
- NETs are implicated in various pediatric infections.
- Standardization of NET detection methods is recommended.
- Further studies needed to evaluate prognostic value and mechanisms in children.
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