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Immunolocalization of p53 and p21 in Kidneys Exposed to T-2 Mycotoxin

Piret Hussar1,2, Katerina Blagoevska3, Monika Dovenska3

  • 1Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, 50411 Tartu, Estonia.

Current Issues in Molecular Biology
|January 30, 2026
PubMed

Insights

T-2 mycotoxin exposure increases kidney damage in broiler chickens. Researchers found higher levels of p53 and p21 proteins in the kidneys, indicating their role in T-2 toxin-induced nephrotoxicity and potential as early biomarkers.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Pathology
  • Toxicology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • T-2 mycotoxins cause significant toxic effects in animals, particularly targeting the kidneys.
  • Kidney damage involves oxidative stress, cellular damage, apoptosis, and cell cycle disruption.
  • p53 and p21 are crucial proteins regulating apoptosis and cell cycle control.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the immunolocalization of p53 and p21 in avian kidney tissues during T-2 mycotoxicosis.
  • To understand the role of these proteins in T-2 toxin-induced renal toxicity in broiler chickens.

Main Methods:

  • Broiler chickens were divided into control and T-2 toxin-treated groups.
  • T-2 toxin was administered orally for three days.
  • Immunohistochemical staining was performed on kidney tissues to detect p53 and p21 expression.

Main Results:

  • Increased expression of both p21 and p53 was observed in the kidneys of T-2 toxin-treated chickens compared to controls.
  • These proteins were primarily localized in the epithelial cells of the renal proximal tubules.
  • Enhanced staining intensity indicates significant protein upregulation in response to T-2 toxin.

Conclusions:

  • p53 and p21 play a significant role in T-2 mycotoxin-induced renal toxicity in broiler chickens.
  • The increased expression of p53 and p21 suggests their potential as biomarkers for early detection of T-2 toxin nephrotoxicity.
Keywords:
T-2 mycotoxicosisimmunohistochemistrykidneysp21p53

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