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Apple Seed Extract in Cancer Treatment: Assessing Its Effects on Liver Damage and Recovery

Min-Jee Oh1,2, Yong-Su Park3, Ji-Yeon Mo1

  • 1General Graduate School of Animal Life Convergence Science, Hankyong National University, 327, Jungang-ro, Ansung 17579, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.

Current Issues in Molecular Biology
|January 30, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Apple extract (ASE) may protect against cancer treatment liver damage by balancing cell death and survival pathways. This study in mice suggests ASE helps maintain liver structure and function during cancer therapy.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Pharmacology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Cancer therapies often cause liver damage (hepatotoxicity), impacting treatment outcomes.
  • Natural products, like apple polyphenols, show potential hepatoprotective effects through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions.
  • The PI3K-Akt pathway is crucial in regulating cell survival and is implicated in liver protection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if apple stem extract (ASE) can mitigate cancer-related liver injury in an endometrial cancer mouse model.
  • To determine ASE's effect on the apoptosis-survival signaling axis and PI3K-Akt pathway in liver tissue.
  • To assess ASE's potential to restore liver structure and function during cancer treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Endometrial cancer was induced in mice, followed by administration of varying doses of ASE.
  • Liver tissues were analyzed using histology, Western blot, ELISA, and qRT-PCR to measure key proteins and signaling molecules.
  • ImageJ software was used for quantitative analysis of histological data.

Main Results:

  • ASE demonstrated a dose-dependent effect on apoptosis and survival markers in the liver.
  • Specific ASE doses modulated Caspase-9/3 and Bcl-xL expression, indicating a rebalancing of cell death pathways.
  • PI3K-Akt signaling and IL-2 levels were preserved or restored towards baseline, with partial histological recovery observed.

Conclusions:

  • Apple stem extract (ASE) shows potential in mitigating cancer therapy-induced liver injury.
  • ASE may exert its protective effects by rebalancing apoptosis-survival signaling and promoting liver structural recovery.
  • Further research is needed to optimize dose, route, and formulation for clinical translation.
Keywords:
amygdalinapoptosisapple seed extractlivermouse

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